The Origin of the Universe Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Origin of the Universe - seek Paper ExampleNot only is it difficult to figure out how a whole globe could appear from nonhing, but also no plausible explanation for the mechanism of the explosion itself springs to mind. The only know force in nature capable of affecting the creation as a whole is gravity. sobriety is, however, an attractive force, whereas the explosion requires a repulsive force. The mystery of the explosion lies in the first fraction of a second of the life of the earthly concern. At such early times, the universe was in a sound out of fantastically high temperature and density, a situation so foreign to laboratory conditions that it is impossible to extrapolate known natural philosophy to that realm. The cause of the explosion is shrouded in the extreme conditions of the rattling early universe. For a while cosmology hardened the existence of the universe as a given and concentrated on the consequences of the explosion quite a than its cause. In the course of the scientific step-by-step reconstruction of the chronology of the universe, a number of puzzling paradoxes surfaced, of which two are of spare-time activity here. The first deals with the strength of the explosion. The push of the cognize was exquisitely well fine-tuned, allowing for the existence of a universe with galaxies, stars, planets, and life. whatever other push would have meant either a structureless universe or a universe collapsing linchpin onto itself after a brief existence. Why was the Bang so well engineered? The second paradox deals with the big properties of the universe. The extreme large-scale smoothness of the temperature and of the density of matter cannot be explained by the standard Big Bang model. No known physiological process can account for it. What is the origin of this conspiracy? Is our universe very peculiar, that is, did it just start this way by sheer luck -- in the scientific jargon, with very excess initial conditions -- or are there mechanisms that can account for the fine-tuned push of the explosion and for the smoothness of the universe? Two diametrically opposite schools of thought have addressed these paradoxes. The proponents of the so-called anthropic principle state that if the universe were not so fine-tuned, there could be no life in it, and we humans would not be there to witness it. Although this statement is correct, it does not attempt to resolve the paradoxes in terms of physical mechanisms, but relegates them to the status of special initial conditions. In other words, that is the way the universe started because if it had not, we would not be there to witness it. The other school of thought has refused to accept special initial conditions but rather has searched for mechanisms that could account for the observed peculiarities. It is the purpose of this essay to present and to discuss some of the latest models advanced by the second school. The Big Bang When Einstein applied his newly creat ed theory of General Relativity to the universe, he discovered to his dismay that the universe was not static as everybody, including himself, liked to believe at that time. His universe was either contracting or expanding. Rather than exploring the consequences of his findings, Einstein introduced an ad-hoc term into his equation that he called the cosmogonic term. The cosmological ter